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Objective:To investigate and compare the value of cross-sectional area measurement and width measurement by high frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in infants.Methods:The abdominal ultrasound images of 20 infants who were diagnosed as CAH in Tianjin Children′s Hospital and clinical diagnosised from November 2013 to August 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The maximum cross-sectional area of adrenal gland and the maximum width of single limb were measured respectively to assess the size of adrenal gland. Fifty normal full-term infants were selected as control group at the same period. The differences of maximum cross-sectional area of adrenal gland, the maximum width of single limb between CAH group and control group were compared. ROC curve was plotted to compare the diagnostic values of cross-sectional area measurement and width measurement.Results:①There was significant difference in maximum cross-sectional area of adrenal gland between infants with CAH and normal infants[(129.47±37.39)mm 2 vs (54.42±20.85)mm 2; t=10.004, P<0.001]. There was significant difference in maximum width of adrenal gland between infants with CAH and normal infants [(4.56±1.20)mm vs (3.25±0.66)mm; t=5.445, P<0.001]. ②The area under ROC curve(AUC) of cross-sectional area measurement was 0.966, the best cutoff value was 87.5 mm 2, the sensitivity was 95.0%, and the specificity was 92.5%. AUC of width measurement was 0.817, the best cutoff value was 5.25 mm, the sensitivity was 90.0%, and the specificity was 62.5%. The difference of AUC between cross-sectional area measurement and width measurement was 0.149, which was statistically significant ( Z=2.309, P=0.021). Conclusions:Both cross-sectional area measurement and width measurement by high frequency ultrasound have diagnostic values for CAH in infants, with the former more valuable than the latter.
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Objective To learn the satisfaction and influencing factors of medical insurance for urban residents in Taiyuan city.Methods The multi-stage random sampling method was used to survey the satisfaction of medical insurance for urban residents so covered in 4 districts of Taiyuan city. The questionnaire covered basic personal information, and comments of the residents on the three dimensions of medical insurance regarding the stakeholders. The data solicited were subject to descriptive analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test and ordered multi-class logistic regression analysis. Results The rate of overall satisfaction of urban residents′ medical insurance in Taiyuan city was 44.6% , that of average satisfaction was 48.3% , and that of dissatisfaction was 7.1%.For residents of different family size and physical health status, the differences of their satisfaction were statistically different(P<0.05).Ordered multi-class logistic regression analysis showed that the proportion of reimbursement, the scope of drug treatment and the efficiency of treatment were top factors affecting their satisfaction ( OR > 1 ). Conclusions The rate of overall satisfaction of medical insurance by urban residents in Taiyuan city is low. To improve their satisfaction, it is important to increase the proportion of reimbursement, expand the scope of reimbursement for diagnosis and treatment along with drugs, simplify the reimbursement procedures, and improve the service attitude of the service agencies.
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Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect and antioxidation mechanism of tianmagouteng decoction on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in optic nerve crush model.Methods Optic nerve crush models were established using optic nerve clamping method in the right eyes of 50 SPF male Wistar rats.The rats were randomized into model group (17 rats),1.2 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group (16 rats) and 2.4 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group (17 rats).Ttianmagouteng decoction at the dose of 1.2 g/(ml· d) or 2.4 g/(ml · d) was intragastrically administered 2 hours after onset of optic nerve damage (10 ml/kg),respectively,based on grouping for consecutive 28 days,and equal volume of distilled water was used in the same way in the model group.Fluoro-gold (FG,3 μl,3％) was bilaterally injected into superior colliculus to retrogradely label RGCs 23 days following modeling.The rats were sacrificed at day 28 and retinal flatmounts were prepared to count RGCs.Retinal glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in rat retinas was detected by chemical colorimetric analysis.Results The survival rate of RGCs was (59.67 ± 9.85) ％,(71.33 ± 9.14) ％ and (73.63 ± 8.33) ％ in the model group,1.2 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group and 2.4 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group,respectively,showing a significant difference among the three groups (F =5.322,P =0.014),and the survival rate of RGCs was evidently higher in the 1.2 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group and 2.4 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group than that in the model group (P =0.023,0.006).The GSH-Px activity was (222.20±76.67),(311.30 ±46.93) and (473.65 ± 117.73)μmol/(s · mg) in the model group,1.2 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group and 2.4 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group,respectively,with a significant difference among the three groups (F =20.005,P ＜ 0.001),and the GSH-Px activity in the 2.4 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group is considerably increased as compared to the model group and 1.2 g/ml tianmagouteng decoction group (P ＜ 0.001;P =0.001).Conclusions Tianmagouteng decoction plays a neuroprotective effect on RGCs after optic nerve damage in rat,which may be achieved by improving the activity of the GSH-Px in retina,suggesting that antioxidation probably be one of the neuroprotective mechanisms of tianmagouteng decoction.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determining the contents of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in Lonicerae ja-ponicae,and to explore the shelf life of L. japonicae under ordinary temperature and sealed environment. METHODS:HPLC meth-od was adopted. The determination was performed on Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(chlorogenic acid)column and Agilent Zorbax SB-Phe-nyl(galuteolin)with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid(13:87,V/V),acetonitrile-0.5% glacial acetic ac-id (gradient elution,galuteolin) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 327 nm (chlorogenic acid) and 350 nm(galuteolin). The column temperature was 30 ℃,and sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS:The linear range of chloro-genic acid and galuteolin were 10-100 μg/mL(r=0.9986),5-50 μg/mL(r=0.9993),respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 4.0%. Recoveries were 95.78%-99.70%(RSD=1.46%,n=6)、96.30%-104.31%(RSD=2.93%,n=6). The contents of chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in roller method,baking method and natural drying method of processed L. japonicae were all decreased by 30%-40% after stored for 12 months. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple, precise,stable and repeatable,and can be used for simultanoue determination of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in L. japonicae. The contents of active components in L. japonicae decrease significantly after stored for 12 months. It is necessary to establish shelf life standard of L. japonicae,so as to guarantee the effectiveness of drug use in the clinic.
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Objective To investigate the complications of different enteral nutrition in patients after surgery for massive cerebellar infarction,so as to guide rational application of enteral nutrition in patients.Methods Forty-nine patients with massive cerebellar infarction were divided into three groups randomly:conventional nasogastric tube feeding group (group A,n =12),nasogastric tube feeding plus gastric motor drug group (group B,n =18),and nasojejunal tube feeding group (group C,n =19).The incidences of diarrhea,reflux,aspiration,upper gastrointestinal bleeding and aspiration pneumonia within 3 weeks after initiation of enteral nutrition were observed and compared among the groups.Results The incidence of diarrhea showed no statistically significant difference among the 3 groups (x2 =0.092,P =0.955).Compared with group A,the incidences of reflux,aspiration and aspirafion pneumonia were significantly lower in group B and group C (P ＜ 0.05),and lower in group C compared with group B (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,the incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding was significantly lower in group C than in group A and group B (x22 =4.748,P2 =0.029;x23 =4.284,P3 =0.038),but the difference between group A and group B was not significant (x21 =0.000,P1 =1.000).Conclusions Because of the unique pathophysiological features in patients after surgery for massive cerebellar infarction,early enteral nutrition by conventional nasogastric tube feeding may be inappropriate.Nasogastric tube feeding plus gastric motor drug may be applied in mild case with short course of disease.Nasojejunal tube feeding may be the approach of choice for enteral nutrition in critical patients with massive cerebellar infarction for its association with lower incidence of complications.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of a nurse-lead rehabilitation training on quality of life and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia inpatients. Methods Totally 190 schizophrenia inpatients were divided into the intervention group (96 cases) and the control group (94 cases). In addition to rehabilitation activities which can be chosen freely, the schizophrenia in the intervention group received rehabilitation training including medication training, life skills training, social skill training and physical training, while the schizophrenia in the control group could only chose rehabilitation activities freely. The quality of life and the psychotic symptoms of the schizophrenia while enrolled and discharged were evaluated. Results No significant difference was found in the score of Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) between the two groups(P>0.05)while enrolled. The scores of SQLS, psychosocial and motivation/energy in the control group were 30.22 ± 17.21, 30.22 ± 17.21 and 18.28± 9.33, while 21.41±14.63,19.76± 18.85 and 15.95± 8.80 in the intervention group one month after intervention, the difference was significant (t=-2.14,-2.19,-1.99,P<0.05). The scores of BPRS and hostile suspiciousness in the control group were 26.39 ± 6.37 and 4.11 ± 1.87 , while 23.67 ± 6.37 and 3.44± 1.26 in the intervention group one month after intervention, the difference was significant (t=-2.33,-2.54, P<0.05). Conclusions The nurse-lead rehabilitation training can improve the quality of life and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia inpatients.
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Objective:To evaluate the effects of amelogenin(AML)on the migration,adhesion and proliferation of periodontal liga-ment stem cells(PDLSCs).Methods:PDLSCs were cultured with AML at 0.25,50 amd 100 μg/ml respectively.The migration, adhesion and proliferation of the cells were examined by wound healing migration assay,transwell migration assay,attachment assay, MTT assay and cell counting,respectively.Results:AML induced the migration of PDLSCs in a dose-dependent manner(P <0.05), increased the adhesion and proliferation of PDLSCs(P <0.05).Conclusion:AML may promote the migration,adhesion and prolifer-ation of PDLSCs.
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BACKGROUND:The enamel matrix derivative has been used in the clinical treatment of severe periodontitis; however, the mechanism(s) by which enamel matrix derivative promotes periodontal regeneration is stil obscure. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of enamel matrix derivatives on the differentiation and proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cels. METHODS:Periodontal ligament stem cels were isolated and identified from human teeth. Cloning forming efficiency, surface antigen expression and pluripotency were detected and identified. Enamel matrix derivatives with different concentrations (20, 50, 100 mg/L) were used to culture periodontal ligament stem cels for 2 and 4 weeks. Colagen synthesis and mineralized nodule formation were detected using Trichrom staining and Von Kosa’s staining, respectively; real-time RT-PCR was employed to detect expressions of colagen type I, osteocalcin, and RUX2; MTT and cel growth rate assay were used to detect the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Periodontal ligament stem cels were spindle-shaped and showed a higher colony forming efficiency than periodontal ligament cels. The expressions of surface antigens of periodontal ligament stem cels-CD105, CD29, CD45, CD44 were respectively 99.8%, 99.7%, 1.26%, 98.8%, indicating periodontal ligament stem cels have the multilineage differentiation potential. Enamel matrix derivatives improve the colagen synthesis and mineralization nodule formation of periodontal ligament stem cels in a time-dose dependent manner. They also can improve the expression of osteogensis-related genes colagen type I, osteocalcin, RUX2 and proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cels.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1 )on migration, adhesion and proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs)and explore the mechanisms of PDLSCs-induced periodontal remodeling.Methods PDLSCs were isolated and identified from human teeth.The effect of TGF-β1 on migration of PDLSCs was evaluated using transwell migration assay.Cells attachment assay was used to test the effect of TGF-β1 on the adhesion of PDLSCs.In addition,the effect of TGF-β1 on the proliferation of PDLSCs was evaluated by MTT and cell growth rate assay.Results The results showed that TGF-β1 induced the migration of PDLSCs in a dose-dependent manner,improved the adhesion and proliferation of PDLSCs.So we propose that TGF-β1 may promote periodium remodeling by inducing PDLSCs migration,following adhesion and proliferation in these areas.Conclusion This study demonstrated for the first time that TGF-β1 increases the adhesion and migration of PDLSCs in vitro .The signal pathway is involved in the TGF-β1-induced migration of PDLSCs and the mechanical-chemical interaction during the orthodontic periodontal remodeling will be researched in our further studies.
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Objective To develop the questionnaire of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia.Methods Delphi method was used in this study.The questionnaire of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia was developed based on two rounds of consultation among 14 experts.Results The questionnaire of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia consisted of 3 dimensions,7 items of each dimension.Conclusions The questionnaire can be used as the tool of evaluation of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia.Further theoretical and empirical study is needed to verify the questionnaire.
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Objective To evaluate the recent impact and long-term effects of recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (rh-aFGF) of cesarean section on women's abdominal incision healing.Methods In 516 cases of cesarean section in women,randomly divided into placebo group (172 cases),spray group (172 cases) and flush group (172 cases).The placebo group received 0.9％ sodium chloride washing abdominal incision suture.The spray group incision suture direcdy after the administration of rh-aFGF spray,per square meter of 3-4 sprays,3-5 times/d.The flush group was given before 2 rh-aFGF dissolved in 10-20 ml of 0.9％ sodium chloride directly after washing the incision suture,then given spray treatment.The recent follow-up of 15 d observed maternal abdominal incision healing.Long term follow-up of 3 months to observe the incision scar formation.Results The abdominal incision heating time was (8.6 ±3.5) d,that was obviously shorter than that in spray group (10.4 ±3.7) d and placebo group (12.7 ± 4.9) d (P ＜ 0.05).The delay healing accounted for 4.2％ (7/166) in flush group,significantly lower than that in placebo group (34/168,20.2％) and spray group (16/165,9.7％) (P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of fat liquefaction,postoperative infection among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Flush group exudation,abdominal wall adhesions was lower than placebo group and spray group [2.4％(4/166) vs.10.1％(17/168),5.5％(9/165),3.6％(6/166) vs.17.3％(29/168),9.7％(16/165)](P＜0.05).Long term follow-up,flush group scar area than spray group reduced by 13.5％,than placebo group reduced by 27.2％.Conclusions A recent rh-aFGF can reduce the cesarean section abdominal incision healing time and reduce abdominal wall adhesions and exudation;rh-aFGF the best dosage is intraoperative irrigation treatment spray combined with postoperative.
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Dietary fiber contents in 34 common foods perchased in Beijing markets have been determined with detergent method, including neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. On dry basis, the dietary fiber contents of vegetables varied with kinds of food: the dietary fiber contents were higher in tender stems, leaves, stalks and flowers; lower in starchy tubers and roots; medium in non-starchy tubers and roots. The propotions of dietary fiber components were different in various categories of foods. Cellulose was the major component in vegetables and legumes, but in most cereals, hemicellulose content was higher than cellulose. All foods had the lowest lignin content with the exception of garlic bolt.
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The result of a nutritional survey on potassium intakes of population and serum potassium contents of healthy adults in Shanghai (high occurrence of hypokalemia), Sichun (moderate occurrence of hypokalemia) and Shandong (null occurrence of hypokalemia) revealed that the average daily potassium intakes for the three areas were 60.1?16.6, 54.6? 13.4 and 58.7? 11.1 mmol per capita per day respectively; The serum potassium contents of the three areas were 4.2?0.3,4.0 ?0.3 and 4.2?0.4 mmol/L respectively. These results indicated that the daily potassium intakes and serum potassium contents between Shanghai and Shandong were not significantly different and might suggest that the occurrence of gossypol related hypokalemia in Shanghai and Sichun could not be attributed to the low potassium intakes and low serum potassium contents of the population.